Today, I want to write about power distance. This might be the hardest post yet since this is the topic I still don't fully understand. It is a little harder, but I can talk about how we end up adjusting to the different structure where we live and work.
America is a small power distance culture. This means that people usually don't like difference status (ie. they like equality) and like to share power between many bosses. Employees expect to be asked their opinions about the topics they know about. The "perfect" boss lets everyone have a say and then makes his decisions while having those opinions in mind. Bosses or anyone in authority is usually given respect when they have "earned" it.
China is a large power distance culture; therefore, inequality of status is welcomed and expected. There is probably one boss and a large range of salaries. Employees expect to be told what to do by the boss, and the "perfect" boss makes all the decisions and then that decision gets passed down the line. Bosses are given a great deal of respect because of their position.
I explained it in this way to my students using a picture. Let me try to recreate that here:
In the first picture, you see the one boss way up at the top. Let's say he makes the decision about when the vacation will be. That is then passed down the line from level to level until it reaches us way at the bottom. All that passing takes time, so we might not know the answer to this question until much time has passed because the person that we deal with directly has either not heard yet or the person making the decisions has not decided yet.
When a question is going the other direction, we must follow the opposite pattern. I ask the person directly above me (in our case it is the foreign affairs officer) who asks her boss (the head of the foreign affairs office) who asks his boss who asks his boss (so on and so forth for many levels) until it reaches whoever can answer the question or make the decision.
Then the answer must work its way back down the ladder until it reaches us again. It is inappropriate to go over someone's head. By now, we are not sure if they are stalling or trying to avoid our question. The truth is, there is a lot of asking going on, one real decision maker who is very busy making a lot of other decisions as well. It can become quite an ordeal.
Patience must reign in these situations because time is NOT on our side.
Another way this affects our lives is when decisions are made that we don't like or don't understand. We live in a building that houses only foreign students and teachers. Ideally, we would live in Chinese apartments with local neighbors, but that is not our decision. Evidently in another city there was something that happened in a building similar to ours and some foreigners got hurt. The result: monthly and irregular inspections in our building. "What does that mean?" you may ask. The hall must be cleared, meaning all our shoes, bikes and the kids play things must be squeezed into our apartments.
"They" (whoever they are) come along and look at the hall, see it is clear and go away. Meanwhile, we have shoes all in the entry of our apartment and scooters in the middle of the living room. After the allotted "inspection" time is over, we all put our shoes and scooters back in the hall and continue with our lives.
Why do we have to do this? Because the big leader up there somewhere said we did. What should be our response to things like this? According to my student, "You should just calm down and do it." I think that is good advice.
We, the Americans, "solve" all the major problems in the world by telling each other our opinions since nobody on top is asking us. We talk about having play ground equipment near our building for all the kids living here; we talk about breaking down walls so that more light can get into our living rooms; we talk about being allowed to live in "real" Chinese housing so that we can get to know more local neighbors.... the list goes on for miles really. Who asks us for these opinions? Nobody because that is not how things are done here, and that is fine and good.
What I have stressed to my students is that neither system is better than the other. Things just work differently in both places and we learn to appreciate their uniqueness. Do I wish people would ask me my opinion more? Certainly! Are they going to? Probably not. Is that okay? It has to be.
You see, when I willingly moved into this culture,
I had to change and adapt. There is a Chinese saying that says, “The taller the
bamboo grows, the lower it bends.” In order to grow, you must be willing to sway. In order to thrive in this culture, I must continue to grow in flexibility.
Thanks for reading.
See ya' next time. 下次见!